Creatine monohydrate: evidence for athletes
What research shows about creatine monohydrate, strength, repeated high-intensity efforts, muscle mass and differences between sports.
HealthSprit
Curious aboutwhat keepsyou moving?
Read about sports pharmacology, supplements, recovery and health. HealthSprit explores mechanisms, published evidence, uncertainties and potential risks.
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Cystatin C testing: why it matters for athletes
How cystatin C helps assess kidney filtration, why muscle mass affects interpretation of creatinine, and when combined estimates are useful.
Diagnosing hypogonadism in men
Symptoms, repeated morning testosterone tests, SHBG and gonadotropins: the principles behind a careful clinical assessment of male hypogonadism.
Electrolyte supplements: possible side effects
Why electrolyte products can cause digestive symptoms and interact with health conditions or medicines. Sodium, potassium and magnesium in context.
Finasteride: contraindications and interactions
Key contraindications, pregnancy-related handling precautions, potential interactions and clinical considerations associated with finasteride.
Ibutamoren and growth hormone: key differences
Compare stimulation of growth hormone release with hormone replacement, including mechanisms, clinical research, adverse effects and regulatory context.
Insulin: its mechanism and effects on the body
Insulin signalling explained: glucose transport, glycogen storage, protein metabolism, potassium balance and the development of insulin resistance.
The ketogenic diet for athletes: pros and cons
What a ketogenic diet changes in fuel use, endurance, strength and body composition, and why its suitability depends on the athlete and the sport.
Mass gainer or protein powder: what differs?
Protein, carbohydrate content, calorie intake and practical differences between mass gainers and protein powders in an athlete’s diet.
Methandienone side effects: an overview of risks
A structured overview of methandienone risks involving the liver, cardiovascular system, hormone production, fertility, skin and mental health.
Methenolone acetate: receptors and protein synthesis
How methenolone interacts with androgen receptors, influences gene transcription and differs from testosterone in metabolism and activity.
Night sweats in athletes: causes and medicines
Training, sleep environment, stimulants and hormonal changes can all affect night sweating. Explore possible causes and reasons for medical assessment.
S23 and the liver: what is known about risk
What can and cannot be inferred about S23 liver risks from research on SARMs, reported injury patterns and the uncertainty of unregulated products.
Semaglutide in sport: expectations and reality
Appetite control, body composition and energy availability: why expectations about semaglutide in sport must be compared with clinical evidence.
Tesamorelin: WADA classification and legal status
Understand tesamorelin’s anti-doping classification, the distinction between medical approval and sport rules, and therapeutic use exemptions.
Testosterone enanthate and cardiovascular health
How testosterone enanthate affects cholesterol, blood pressure and hematocrit, and why cardiovascular risk must be assessed in context.
Tongkat ali: separating myths from evidence
A closer look at common claims about tongkat ali, testosterone, libido and muscle growth, including the limits of the available research.
Trenbolone acetate: history and medical use
From laboratory development to veterinary implants: the history of trenbolone acetate and its distinction from historical human formulations.
ZMA formulations: understanding the differences
Compare zinc and magnesium forms, capsules, powders and quality certifications, with attention to bioavailability and total nutrient intake.